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MAIN INDEX > FIGHTERS
BLACKBURN FIREBRAND
Specifications (Firebrand TF Mk. IV)
Type: Strike Fighter
Origin: Blackburn Aircraft
Designed by: G. E. Petty
Models: Mk. I-V
Crew: one
First Flight: February 27, 1942
Service Delivery: 1943
Retired: 1953
Number Produced: 193
POWERPLANT:
Model: Centaurus IX
Manufacturer: Bristol
Type: 18-cylinder radial engine
Number: One Horsepower: 2,500 hp
Dimensions:
Wing span: 51 ft 3½ in (15.62 m)
Length: 39 ft 1 in (12 m)
Height: N/A)
Wing Surface Area: 381.5 ft² (35.44 m²)
Weights:
Empty weight: 11,357 lb (5,150 kg)
Loaded weight: 15,671 lb (7,100 kg)
Max. Take-Off wt: 16,227 lb (7,360 kg)
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Performance:
Maximum speed: 350 mph (560 kph)
Cruise speed: 289 mph (465 kph) at 10,000 ft (3,050 m)
Stall speed: 75 mph (121 kph)
Range: 1,250 mi (2,000 km) with torpedo and drop tanks
Rate of climb: 2,600 ft/min (13.2 m/s)
Wing loading: 41.7 lb/ft² (203.6 kg/m²)
Power/mass: .157 hp/lb (347 W/kg)
Armament:
Guns:
4 × 20 mm (0.79 in) Hispano Mk.II cannon.
– two in each wing
Bombs:
1 × 1,850 lb (840 kg) 18 in (457 mm)
Mark XVII torpedo, or
2 × 1,000 lb (454 kg) bombs, one under
each wing, in place of torpedo
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The Blackburn Firebrand was a single-engine fighter aircraft designed to Air Ministry Specification N.11/40 by Blackburn Aircraft. It was designed around the Napier Sabre III 24-cylinder H-type engine as a single-seat fleet fighter for the Royal Navy.
Development:
Work on the B-37 Firebrand proceeded slowly. An unarmed prototype first flew on 27 February 1942, the armed Firebrand F Mk. I second prototype flying on 15 July of that year. The Sabre engine was also used in the Hawker Typhoon, a fighter already nearing production, and was earmarked for that aircraft. A new engine was needed, along with airframe improvements to handle it; along with these modifications it was deemed appropriate to convert the Firebrand into a strike fighter capable of carrying torpedoes, bombs, and rockets as well as engaging in air to air combat. Only nine production F Mk. I aircraft were built. The Firebrand was unusual in that there was an airspeed gauge mounted outside of the cockpit so that during landing the pilot would not have to look down into the cockpit to take instrument readings, presaging the development of the modern heads up display.
The first strike variant, the Firebrand TF Mk. II (B-45), flew on 31 March 1943, and was an adaptation of the Mk. I. It incorporated slightly wider wingspan that allowed carriage of a torpedo between the retracted main landing gear. Like the Mk I, the TF Mk. II only saw a very limited production of 12, and was followed by the Firebrand TF Mk. III with the Bristol Centaurus VII radial engine. After the first flight on 21 December 1943, problems arose: the new engine produced more torque than the Sabre, and rudder control was insufficient on takeoff. The TF Mk. III was determined to be unsuitable for carrier operations, and work began on an improved airframe that would be better-suited for the Centaurus. The aircraft had killed two test pilots and, although after six months' modification Dennis Cambell did manage the first successful deck landing, the type was generally regarded as one of the war's worst aircraft.
The Firebrand TF Mk. IV (B-46), as the new development was designated, featured a newer Centaurus IX engine and larger tail surfaces for better low-speed control. The enlarged rudder was horn balanced, and the wings now featured dive brakes on both upper and lower surfaces. The TF Mk. IV first flew on 17 May, 1945, and was the first version of the Firebrand to enter mass production, with 102 built. The later Firebrand TF.5 featured minor aerodynamic improvements and was also built in large numbers, with 68 entering service. A further 40 TF Mk. IVs were converted to the TF.5 standard.
The final production version was the Firebrand TF Mk. 5A. The design was further developed into the unsuccessful Firecrest
Sources:
Wikipedia
MAIN INDEX > FIGHTERS
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